Correlation between cervical vertigo and vestibular function evaluated by vestibular evoked myogenic potentials / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the relationship between cervical vertigo and vestibular function evaluated by vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(VEMPs) and analyze the correlations between cervical vertigo and vestibular dysfunction, discuss the related factors of cervical vertigo and guide the clinical treatment of patients with cervical vertigo.@*METHODS@#A total of 75 patients with cervical vertigo as the main complaint in the outpatient clinic of the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from August 2019 to July 2020 were set as the diseased group, and 60 patients without cervical and vestibular related diseases in the hospital were selected to set as non-diseased group. The age of diseased group was 12 to 70 years with an average of (46.40±10.91) years, including 25 males and 50 females;and the age of non-diseased group was 22 to 60 years with an average of(43.78±7.75) years, including 19 males and 51 females. VEMPs were performed in the two groups. The data of VEMPs were collected and the results were compared and analyzed. The patients with abnormal cervical myogenic vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) were divided into light, moderate and severe groups. The correlation between VEMPs and cervical vertigo and its severity were analyzed by statistical method.@*RESULTS@#(1)The severity of cervical vertigo in diseased group:33 cases of mild, 34 cases of moderate, 8 cases of severe; cVEMP examination:62 cases were positive and 13 cases were negative, including 13 cases of mild, 33 cases of moderate, 16 cases of severe. The cVEMP of non-diseased group:4 cases were positive and 56 cases were negative.(2) The level of cVEMP in diseased group was higher than that in non-diseased group (P<0.001). It can be considered that there was a correlation between cervical vertigo and vestibular function.(3)The correlation between the level of cVEMP and the level of cervical vertigo in diseased group was analyzed. The Spearman rank sum test was used, and the correlation coefficient was 0.687, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). And it can be considered that the two indicators have a high degree of correlation.@*CONCLUSION@#It is feasible to evaluate the relationship between cervical vertigo and vestibular function by VEMPs. For patients with cervical vertigo, the higher the severity, the greater the positive rate of VEMPs, which indicates that it has a greater impact on vestibular function. The treatment of patients with cervical vertigo should be the combination of cervical rehabilitation and vestibular function.

Efficacy and safety of domestic leuprorelin in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty: a multicenter, randomized, parallel, controlled trial / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>In central precocious puberty (CPP), the pulse secretion and release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) are increased due to early activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, resulting in developmental abnormalities with gonadal development and appearance of secondary sexual characteristics. The CPP without organic disease is known as idiopathic CPP (ICPP). The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic leuprorelin (GnRH analog) in girls with ICPP.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 236 girls with ICPP diagnosed from April 2012 to January 2014 were selected and were randomized into two groups. One hundred fifty-seven girls in the test group were treated with domestic leuprorelin acetate, 79 girls in the control group were treated with imported leuprorelin acetate. They all were treated and observed for 6 months. After 6-month treatment, the percentage of children with peak luteinizing hormone (LH) ≤3.3 U/L, the percentage of children with peak LH/peak follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio <0.6, the improvements of secondary sexual characteristics, gonadal development and sex hormone levels, the change of growth rate of bone age (BA) and growth velocity, and drug adverse effects between two groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After the treatment, the percentage of children with a suppressed LH response to GnRH, defined as a peak LH ≤3.3 U/L, at 6 months in test and control groups were 96.80% and 96.20%, respectively, and the percentage of children with peak LH/FSH ratio ≤0.6 at 6 months in test and control groups were 93.60% and 93.70%, respectively. The sizes of breast, uterus and ovary of children and the levels of estradiol (E 2 ) were significantly reduced, and the growth rate of BA was also reduced. All the differences between pre- and post-treatment in each group were statistically significant (P < 0. 05), but the differences of the parameters between two groups were not significant (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Domestic leuprorelin is effective and safe in the treatment of Chinese girls with ICPP. Its effectiveness and safety are comparable with imported leuprorelin.</p>

Establishment and analysis of a three-dimensional finite element model of human cervicotnoracic junction (C6-T1) / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the cervicothoracic spine finite element model with three-dimensional finite element method, verify the effectiveness of this model and explore the stress distribution.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DICOM image data of one normal healthy young male volunteer were obtained by spiral CT scan and processed with Mimics software. Datas were imported to ANSYS software to become a 3D entity. Disc structure and the main ligament were added. Disc structure was added using the shell-nuclear unit, representing the annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus. Ligament structure was established with 2-node cable element, the beginning and ending points of the ligament and the cross-sectional area were determined in accordance with references. C(6,7) and C7T1 facet joints were definded as the nonliner contact joints with friction coefficient. The lower surface of TI in all the directions was completely fixed in this model. In the model 2.0 Nm pure torque were imposed on C6, and the extension, flexion, axial rotation and lateral bending experiment were conducted. The experimental results were compared with the in vitro biomechanical tests.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cervicothoracic spine finite element model included 169,317 nodes and 106,242 units, and consistent with the in vitro biomechanical tests. The three-dimensional finite element model was in good running under external force.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is a convenient and precise method for physicians to establish the finite element model of the cervicothoracic junction. This method facilitates the computer study on the biomechanical behavior of the local structures of the model under various pressure conditions.</p>

Design and animal study of a posterior instrumentation system with sliding ring pedicle screws without arthrodesis in the immature spine / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate a sliding ring pedicle screw system without arthrodesis for the treatment of scoliosis in the immature spine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve goats of 3 months old were randomized into three groups: limited anchoring group, multi anchoring group, and blank contrast group. Growth of the spine and sliding of the instruments were assessed through conventional radiography and three dimensional CT reconstruction scan. Vertebral columns were resected 3 months after operation and pathological sections were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three-dimensional CT scan and pathological analysis indicated no difference in structural development of the instrumented segments of the spine in the two operated groups as compared with the same segments of the spine in the control group. According to gross anatomic evaluation and radiographic measurement, the increase in height from L5 to T10 averaged 43.0 mm in limited anchoring group, 43.5 mm in multi anchoring group and 40.9 mm in blank contrast group. Total sliding in the instrumentation system was 41.2 mm in limited anchoring group and 39.4 mm in multi anchoring group, respectively. There were no statistically significant difference in the longitudinal growth of the spine among the three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The sliding ring pedicle screw system can glide smoothly to accommodate the growth of the immature spine in an in vivo animal model.</p>

Study of using shattering extraction with solvent to extract ingredient of three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prove if it is possible for using the shattering extraction with solvent to extract ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The shattering extraction with solvent, the refluxing extraction and the ultrasonic extraction were used to extract paeoniflorin from Radix Paeoniae rubra, and to extract baicalein from Radix Scutellariae, and to extract chlorogenic acid from Flos lonicerae japonicae respectively, using ingredient content and extract yield as the measuring indexes.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The content of each every ingredient obviously higher by using shattering extraction with solvent than using refluxing extraction or the ultrasonic extraction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The shattering extraction with solvent is a high efficiency, simple and quick extraction. It may be used to extract the ingredient of three kinds of traditional Chinese medicine.</p>